湖南统招专升本阅读理解真题(预防癌症)

　　Only three strategies are available for controlling cancer, prevention, screening and treatment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other type of cancer. A major cause of the disease is reliably known; there is no good evidence that screening is of much help; and treatment fails in about 90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be prevention. If, however, we consider not what research may one day offer but what today’s knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practicable and cost-effective opportunities for avoiding premature death from cancer,especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved treatment, but prevention.

　　This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can eliminate tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by expanding the type of education that already appears to have had a positive effect on cigarette consumption by white-collar workers, and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar delivered per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries, such as the U.S., where, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths now involve lung cancer, but also in those where it has become widespread only recently, China, for example, where lung cancer as yet accounts for only 5-10 percent of all cancer deaths.Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increases in lung cancer during the 1990s or early in the next century; unless prompt effective action is taken against the habit --- indeed, such increases are already plainly evident in parts of China.

　　1. In the author’s opinion, the main strategy for controlling lung cancer is prevention because __________________________________.

　　A) cigarette consumption is increasing rapidly worldwide

　　B) we do not know for sure the major cause of the disease

　　C) screening is not very effective and treatment is not satisfactory either

　　D) it is the most effective strategy

　　2. According to the passage, lung cancer can be prevented by ______________.

　　A) eliminating tobacco

　　B) teaching people the right way to smoke

　　C) decreasing the harmful substances in cigarettes

　　D) increasing tax on cigarette sales

　　3. In parts of China, why does lung cancer obviously increase?

　　A) Because cigarette smoking is becoming widespread.

　　B) Because more and more white-collar workers have become cigarette smokers.

　　C) Because the amount of tar cannot be reduced.

　　D) Because prevention of lung cancer is not taken into consideration.

　　4. In order to reduce cigarette consumption, we should _____________________.

　　A) educate people not to smoke

　　B) shut down some cigarette producers

　　C) improve the quality of cigarette

　　D) sell cigarette only to the adults

　　5. The best title for the passage would be ____________________-.

　　A) The Control of Lung Cancer

　　B) The Cause of Lung Cancer

　　C) Screening, Treatment and Prevention

　　D) Smoking and Lung Cancer

　　参考答案CCAAD